Toss it out: Impact of junk food on health – Daily Good Morning Kashmir
by Shabnum Showkat
The eating habits of the Indian population have undergone a significant transformation in recent decades. The proliferation of food products high in calories but deficient in essential micronutrients like vitamins, minerals, fiber, and amino acids has become a prominent dietary concern. Such food products are commonly referred to as “junk food.” The consumption of junk food has led to a marked increase in the daily calorie intake of children and teenagers, with studies like the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES 2003–2006) indicating a 13% rise in calorie intake from these sources.
One of the primary consequences of this shift towards unhealthy eating habits is the rise in obesity rates and the prevalence of chronic diseases such as diabetes, dementia, mental illness, and cancer. According to the World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Burden of Disease report, in 2019, diets rich in trans-saturated fatty acids were responsible for 645,000 deaths and 14.2 million disability-adjusted life years (DALYs). Additionally, diets high in sugar-sweetened beverages caused 242,000 deaths and 6.31 million DALYs the same year. Trans-saturated fat-rich diets rank seventh among dietary risk factors for attributable DALYs, while sugar-sweetened drinks rank 13th. These figures starkly highlight the detrimental impact of junk food on public health.
The overconsumption of junk food can severely impair overall health and wellness, diminishing physical activity capacity and leading to a host of complications. These health issues are associated with diets high in sugar, salt, trans- and saturated fats, and low in essential nutrients such as fiber, vitamins, and minerals. Junk foods are particularly appealing to consumers due to their delectable taste, affordability, and convenience. However, when these foods become a regular part of one’s diet, they can lead to significant health problems.
To mitigate the adverse effects of junk food, it is crucial to prioritize the inclusion of high-fiber foods such as whole grains, vegetables, and fruits in our diets. These foods provide essential nutrients that support overall health and well-being. Furthermore, it is important to consume meals with moderate amounts of sugar and salt and to choose foods rich in calcium and iron. By making these healthy food choices, individuals can contribute to the development of robust bodies and minds.
The reduction of junk food intake can be approached at both the individual and societal levels. On an individual level, making conscious food choices and being aware of the nutritional content of foods can significantly reduce the consumption of junk food. This can be achieved by reading food labels, choosing whole and minimally processed foods, and preparing meals at home where the ingredients and cooking methods can be controlled.
At the societal level, government policies and health-promotion strategies play a vital role in curbing junk food consumption. Governments can take action by regulating advertising practices that target young individuals. Restricting junk food advertisements, especially those aimed at children, can reduce the allure and consumption of these unhealthy foods. Additionally, governments can support the establishment of healthier food alternatives in place of junk food establishments. Policies that promote access to healthy foods in schools, workplaces, and public spaces can also encourage better eating habits.
Researchers and public health experts can contribute by educating the public about the benefits of healthy eating and the risks associated with junk food consumption. Public awareness campaigns, nutrition education programs, and community initiatives can inform and motivate individuals to make healthier food choices. Collaborating with young people to develop innovative solutions and health-promotion strategies can further enhance these efforts. Engaging youth in these initiatives ensures that the strategies are relevant and appealing to the target audience.
Moreover, schools and educational institutions can play a pivotal role in promoting healthy eating habits among children and teenagers. Integrating nutrition education into the curriculum, providing healthy meal options in school cafeterias, and encouraging physical activity can foster a culture of health and wellness from a young age. Parental involvement is also crucial; parents can set a positive example by adopting healthy eating habits themselves and creating a home environment that supports nutritious food choices.
In conclusion, the excessive consumption of junk food poses significant health risks and contributes to the development of various chronic diseases. Addressing this issue requires a multifaceted approach that includes individual responsibility, government intervention, public health education, and community engagement. By working collectively, we can reduce junk food consumption and promote healthier dietary habits, ultimately improving the overall health.
The author is doing M. Tech in Food Process Technology, Division of Food Science and Technology SKUAST K.
